Melaloncha Brues, 1904, p. 374.
Melanoloncha Becker, et al. 1907: unjustified emendation.
Udamochiras Enderlein, 1912, p. 42 (type species: Udamochiras colossia Enderlein, 1912)

Natural history: Borgmeier, 1938; Ramírez, 1982; Ronna, 1936, 1937; Simôes, et al., 1980.

Most recent key to species: Borgmeier, 1971.
 

cingulata Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha cingulata Borgmeier, 1959, p. 180, figs. 69, 78, 80, 81. (female; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).
 

clavata Schmitz. - Brazil, Costa Rica.
Melaloncha clavata Schmitz, 1927, p. 164, 176, 2 figs. (female; Costa Rica). - Borgmeier, 1959, p. 184 (male, female ; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina, Brazil).

Natural history: Borgmeier, 1938; Simôes et al., 1980.
 

colossia (Enderlein). - Brazil.
Udamochiras colossia Enderlein, 1912, p. 42 (male; Hamonia, Santa Catarina). - Borgmeier, 1959, p. 174 (male, female ; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).
Melaloncha colossia: Brues, 1912, p. 136.
 

costaricana Borgmeier. - Costa Rica.
Melaloncha costaricana Borgmeier, 1934, p. 180, plate 3 fig. 13 (male; Suiza de Turrialba).
 

cuspidata Borgmeier. - Bolivia, Brazil.
Melaloncha cuspidata Borgmeier, 1934, p. 174, plate 3 fig. 7 (female; Yungas de Coroico). - Borgmeier, 1971, p. 131 (female; Nova Teutônia, Brazil).
 

deinocerca Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha deinocerca Borgmeier, 1960, p. 304, figs. 64-66 (female; Mato Grosso).
 

digitalis Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha digitalis Borgmeier, 1959, p. 176, figs. 63-66, 75 (male, female ; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina (type locality); Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro).
 

flava Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha flava Borgmeier, 1959, p. 182, fig. 77 (male, female ; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).

Natural history: Simôes et al., 1980.
 

furcata Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha furcata Borgmeier, 1934, p. 188, plate 3 fig. 17 (male; Santa Teresa, Espirito Santo). Borgmeier, 1959, p. 185 (female ; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).
 

genitalis Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha genitalis Borgmeier, 1934, p. 181, plate 3 fig. 15 (male; Laranja da Terra, Espirito Santo).
Melaloncha ungulata Borgmeier, 1938, p. 45, fig. 5-6, 12-13 (male, female; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina, Brazil). Synonymized by Borgmeier, 1971, p. 130.
 

glabrifrons Borgmeier. - Brazil, Costa Rica.
Melaloncha glabrifrons Borgmeier, 1934, p. 178, plate 3 fig. 11 (male; Suiza de Turrialba, Costa Rica). - Borgmeier, 1959, p. 179 (male, female ; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina, Brazil).
 

hirticauda Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha hirticauda Borgmeier, 1934, p. 185, figs. 4, 8, plate 3 fig. 14 (female; Bom Retiro, Santa Catarina).
 

hyalinipennis Borgmeier. - Argentina.
Melaloncha hyalinipennis Borgmeier, 1933, p. 95, 1 fig. (male, female; Chaco).
 

lamellata Borgmeier. - Bolivia.
Melaloncha lamellata Borgmeier, 1934, p. 169, fig. 9, plate 3 fig. 1 (female; Mapiri, Sarampioni).
 

luteipleura Borgmeier. - Costa Rica
Melaloncha luteipleura Borgmeier, 1934, p. 178, plate 3 fig. 6 (male; Suiza de Turrialba).
 

maculata Borgmeier. - Costa Rica.
Melaloncha maculata Borgmeier, 1934, p. 176, plate 3 fig. 4 (female; Higuito).
 

mexicana Borgmeier. - Mexico.
Melaloncha mexicana Borgmeier, 1971, p. 131, figs. 169-171 (female; Rio de las Canyas, Nayarit).
 

nigricorpus Borgmeier. - Bolivia, Brazil.
Melaloncha nigricorpus Borgmeier, 1934, p. 183, fig. 7, plate 3 fig. 8 (female; Mapiri, Sarampioni, Bolivia). - Borgmeier, 1959, p. 176 (male; Marajcajú, Mato Grosso, Brazil).
 

nigrifrons Borgmeier. - Costa Rica.
Melaloncha nigrifrons Borgmeier, 1971, p. 133, figs. 173-174 (female; San José).
 

nigrita Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha nigrita Borgmeier, 1959, p. 185, figs. 72-74, 76 (female; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).
 

obscurella Borgmeier. - Costa Rica.
Melaloncha obscurella Borgmeier, 1934, p. 189, plate 3 fig. 18 (male; Higuito).
 

palpalis Borgmeier. - Costa Rica.
Melaloncha palpalis Borgmeier, 1934, p. 172, figs. 10, 12, plate 3 fig. 5 (female; Suiza de Turrialba).
 

piliapex Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha piliapex Borgmeier, 1938, p. 50, figs. 10-11 (female; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).
Melaloncha simillima Borgmeier, 1938, p. 52, figs. 14-16 (female; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina). Synonymized by Borgmeier, 1959, p. 175.
 

plaumanni Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha plaumanni Borgmeier, 1938, p. 48, figs. 7-9 (male, female; Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina).
 

pulchella Brues. - Bolivia, Paraguay.
Melaloncha pulchella Brues, 1904, p. 375, plate IX fig. 62 (male, female; Songo, Bolivia). - Brues, 1911, p. 440 (male; Paraguay). - Borgmeier, 1971, p. 128 (discussion andfull description).

Note: Borgmeier (1971) doubted that the male specimen from Paraguay was the same species.
 

punctifrons Borgmeier. - Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica.
Melaloncha punctifrons Borgmeier, 1934, p. 171, figs. 1, 11, plate 3 fig. 2 (female; Mapiri, Lorenzapata, Bolivia). - Borgmeier & Prado, 1975, p. 54 (female; Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil).
 

ronnai Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha ronnai Borgmeier, 1935, p. 262, fig. 14, plate 1 figs. 2-3 (male, female; Rio de Janeiro).

Note: Synonymized with Melaloncha rubricornis by Borgmeier, 1968, p. 221. Reinstated by Borgmeier, 1971, p. 129.
Natural history: Ronna, 1936, 1937.
 

rubricornis Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha rubricornis Borgmeier, 1924, p. 17 (male; Petropólis, Rio de Janeiro).
?Phora apum [nom. nud.] Amerling, 1862, p. 239.

Note: In my opinion, the placement of "Phora apum" here is highly questionable, but it was listed as a synonym by Borgmeier (1968).
 

sinistra Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha sinistra Borgmeier, 1971, p. 134 (male, female; Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo). - Borgmeier & Prado, 1975, p. 54 (full description).

Natural history: Simôes et al., 1980.
 

striatula Borgmeier. - Costa Rica.
Melaloncha striatula Borgmeier, 1934, p. 176, plate 3 fig. 9 (female; Higuito).
 

stylata (Schiner). - Colombia, Venezuela.
Phora stylata Schiner, 1868, p. 224 (female; Colombia).
Melaloncha stylata: Brues, 1904, p. 375. - Schmitz, 1929, p. 147, fig. 36 (Venezuela).
 

zikani Borgmeier. - Brazil.
Melaloncha zikani Borgmeier, 1934, p. 186, plate 3 fig. 16 (male; Itatiaia).
 
 

Literature

Amerling, C. (1862) Noch etwas ueber die Schmarotzer der Bienen. Lotos, 12, 239-240.

Becker, T., Bezzi, M., Kertész, K., & Stein, P. (1907) Katalog der paläarktischen Dipteren, Vol. 3, Budapest, 828 pp.

Borgmeier, T. (1924) Drei neue Phoriden aus Brasilien. Societas entomologica, 39, 13-15, 17-19.

Borgmeier, T. (1933) Die Ausbeute der deutschen Chaco-Expedition 1925/26. -Diptera. XLII. Phoridae. Konowia, 12, 95-97.

Borgmeier, T. (1934) O genero Melaloncha Brues (Dipt. Phoridae). Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, 4, 167-189.

Borgmeier, T. (1935) Sobre o cyclo evolutivo de Chonocephalus Wandolleck, e uma nova especie de Melaloncha Brues, endoparasita de abelhas (Dipt. Phoridae). Archivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal, Río de Janeiro, 2, 255-265.

Borgmeier, T. (1938) Alguns Phorideos myrmecophilos de Costa Rica e do Brasil e quatro especies novas de Melaloncha Brues (Dipt. Phoridae). Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, 9, 39-53.

Borgmeier, T. (1959) Neue und wenig bekannte Phoriden aus der neotropischen Region, nebst einigen Arten aus dem Belgischen Congo-Gebiet  (Diptera, Phoridae). Studia Entomologica, 2, 129-208.

Borgmeier, T. (1960) Gefluegelte und ungefluegelte Phoriden aus der neotropischen Region, nebst Beschreibung von sieben neuen Gattungen (Diptera, Phoridae). Studia Entomologica, 3, 257-374.

Borgmeier, T. (1968) A catalogue of the Phoridae of the World (Diptera, Phoridae). Studia Entomologica, 11, 1-367.

Borgmeier, T. (1971) Further studies on phorid flies, mainly of the Neotropical Region (Diptera, Phoridae). Studia Entomologica, 14, 1-172.

Borgmeier, T. & Prado, A.P.do (1975) New or little known phorid flies with descriptions of eight new genera (Dipt. Phoridae). Studia Entomologica, 18, 3-90.

Brues, C.T. (1904) A monograph of the North American Phoridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 29(1903), 331-403.

Brues, C.T. (1911) New Diptera of the family Phoridae from Paraguay. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici. 9, 436-442.

Enderlein, G. (1912) Die Phoridenfauna Süd-Brasiliens. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 73, 16-45.

Ramírez, W. (1982) Bombus mexicanus Cresson, un hospedante de Melaloncha, moscas parásitas de la abeja de miel en el nuevo mundo. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30, 177.

Ronna, A. (1936) Observaçôes biologicas sobre dois dipteros parasitas de Apis mellifica [sic] L. (Dipt. Phoridae, Sarcophagidae). Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, 6, 1-9.

Ronna, A. (1937) Novos dados sobre os habitos de Melaloncha ronnai Borgmeier (Dipt. Phoridae), endoparasita de Apis mellifica [sic] L. Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, 7, 409-413.

Schiner, J.R. (1868) Diptera. Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Volume Zool. Vol. 2, Abt. 1 (ed. by B. Wüllerstorf-Urbair). Wein.

Schmitz, H. (1927) Revision der Phoridengattungen, mit Beschreibung neuer Gattungen und Arten. Natuurhistorisch maandblad, 16, 30-40, 45-50, 59-65, 72-79, 92-100, 110-116, 128-132, 142-148, 164, 176.

Schmitz, H. (1929) Revision der Phoriden, F.Dümmler, Bonn & Berlin, 211 pp.

Simôes, D., Bego, L.R., Zucchi, R., & Sakagami, S.F. (1980) Melaloncha sinistra Borgmeier, an endoparasitic phorid fly attacking Nannotrigona (Scaptotrigona) postica Latreille (Hymenoptera, Meliponinae). Revista brasileira de Entomologica, 24, 137-142.